Fetal and Neonatal Rh Isoimmunization
Description of the disease
Rh isoimmunization occurs when maternal Rh-negative antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the fetus’s red blood cells (erythrocytes). This destruction can lead to fetal anemia, fluid accumulation (hydrops fetalis), and even death. In severe cases, fetal blood transfusion may be required.
Effective immunoprophylaxis for at-risk women plays a crucial role in preventing Rh isoimmunization. Today, more than 90% of affected cases survive with proper prevention and treatment.
Source | Author Doctor Nikas Samuolis, reviewed by Prof. Virginijus Šapoka | Vilnius University | Faculty of Medicine | Head of the Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine, and Oncology