Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is a chronic disorder affecting the sleep–wake cycle and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep regulation. Classic symptoms include excessive daytime sleepiness, sudden episodes of muscle weakness known as cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hallucinations. This full combination of symptoms occurs in approximately 10–15% of cases.

Cataplexy is considered the only symptom specific to narcolepsy. The disorder most commonly develops during the second decade of life.

Sleep studies typically show a rapid onset of sleep and at least two episodes of early REM sleep onset. Treatment includes lifestyle modifications, stimulants to manage daytime sleepiness, and medications to control cataplexy.

Source | Author Doctor Nikas Samuolis, reviewed by Prof. Virginijus Šapoka | Vilnius University | Faculty of Medicine | Head of the Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine, and Oncology